The source register
Sources, page 22 of 24
The works behind the book and its reference library, by author surname, each with the chapter and note that cite it.
Showing 2,101 to 2,200 of 2,314 sources, Walker to World Health Organization.
Walker, B.F (2000). The prevalence of low back pain: a systematic review of the literature from 1966 to 1998. Journal of Spinal Disorders. 10.1097/00002517-200006000-00003
In the reference library: Topic 2 note 62
Walker, P.L., Bathurst, R.R., Richman, R., Gjerdrum, T., et al (2009). The causes of porotic hyperostosis and cribra orbitalia: a reappraisal of the iron-deficiency-anemia hypothesis. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 10.1002/ajpa.21031
In the reference library: Topic 4 note 56
Wallace, I.J., Worthington, S., Felson, D.T., Jurmain, R.D., et al (2017). Knee osteoarthritis has doubled in prevalence since the mid-20th century. PNAS. 10.1073/pnas.1703856114
In the book: Chapter 3 note 22
Wallace, I.J., Kraft, T.S., Venkataraman, V.V., Davis, H.E., et al (2022). Cultural variation in running techniques among non-industrial societies. Evolutionary Human Sciences. 10.1017/ehs.2022.12
In the reference library: Topic 7 note 16
Walls, G.L (1942). The Vertebrate Eye and Its Adaptive Radiation. archive.org
In the reference library: Topic 1 note 23
Walsh, T., Worthington, H.V., Glenny, A.M., Marinho, V.C.C., et al (2019). Fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations for preventing dental caries. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 10.1002/14651858.CD007868.pub3
In the reference library: Topic 16 note 66
Walter, J., Armet, A.M., Finlay, B.B., and Shanahan, F (2020). Establishing or exaggerating causality for the gut microbiome: lessons from human microbiota-associated rodents. Cell. 10.1016/j.cell.2019.12.025
In the book: Chapter 6 note 27
In the reference library: Topic 12 note 55
Walther, B., Karl, J.P., Booth, S.L., and Boyaval, P (2013). Menaquinones, bacteria, and the food supply: the relevance of dairy and fermented food products to vitamin K requirements. Advances in Nutrition. 10.3945/an.113.003855
In the reference library: Topic 12 note 9
Walum, H., Waldman, I.D., and Young, L.J (2016). Statistical and methodological considerations for the interpretation of intranasal oxytocin studies. Biological Psychiatry. 10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.06.016
In the reference library: Topic 28 note 63
Wang, Z., Ying, Z., Bosy-Westphal, A., Zhang, J., et al (2010). Specific metabolic rates of major organs and tissues across adulthood: evaluation by mechanistic model of resting energy expenditure. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 10.3945/ajcn.2010.29885
In the reference library: Topic 3 note 9
Wang, G., and Speakman, J.R (2016). Analysis of positive selection at single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with body mass index does not support the 'thrifty gene' hypothesis. Cell Metabolism. 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.08.014
In the reference library: Topic 13 note 16
Wang, Z., Walker, G.W., Muir, D.C.G., and Nagatani-Yoshida, K (2020). Toward a global understanding of chemical pollution: a first comprehensive analysis of national and regional chemical inventories. Environmental Science and Technology. 10.1021/acs.est.9b06379
In the reference library: Topic 14 note 38
Wang, J., Li, Y., Musch, D.C., Wei, N., et al (2021). Progression of myopia in school-aged children after COVID-19 home confinement. JAMA Ophthalmology. 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.6239
In the reference library: Topic 24 note 40
Wang, Z., Liu, J., Shuai, H., Cai, Z., et al (2021). Mapping global prevalence of depression among postpartum women. Translational Psychiatry. 10.1038/s41398-021-01663-6
In the book: Chapter 11 note 19, Chapter 13 note 29
Wang, K., Prüfer, K., Krause-Kyora, B., Childebayeva, A., et al (2023). High-coverage genome of the Tyrolean Iceman reveals unusually high Anatolian farmer ancestry. Cell Genomics. 10.1016/j.xgen.2023.100377
In the book: Chapter 2 note 8
Wang, Z., Asokan, G., Onnela, J.P., Baird, D.D., et al (2024). Menarche and time to cycle regularity among individuals born between 1950 and 2005 in the US. JAMA Network Open. 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.12854
In the book: Chapter 15 note 6
In the reference library: Topic 22 note 21
Wang, X., Zhou, L., Shi, T., et al (2026). Effects of weighted vest on bone health and body fat in middle-aged and older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Osteoporosis International. 10.1007/s00198-026-08196-y
In the book: Chapter 4 note 23
In the reference library: Topic 6 note 55
Washburn, S.L (1960). Tools and human evolution. Scientific American. 10.1038/scientificamerican0960-62
In the reference library: Topic 33 note 1
Wastyk, H.C., Fragiadakis, G.K., Perelman, D., Dahan, D., et al (2021). Gut-microbiota-targeted diets modulate human immune status. Cell. 10.1016/j.cell.2021.06.019
In the book: Chapter 5 note 19, Chapter 6 note 8, Chapter 6 note 21
In the reference library: Topic 12 note 36, Topic 40 note 16
Watowich, M.M., Brassington, L., Longtin, A., Wang, S., et al (2025). Urbanization exacerbates age-associated declines in cardiometabolic health in Turkana and Orang Asli. medRxiv. 10.1101/2025.06.06.25329160
In the reference library: Topic 5 note 31
Watowich, M.M., Arner, A.M., Wang, S., John, E., et al (2026). Built environment is a key driver of cardiometabolic health in two Indigenous groups undergoing rapid lifestyle change. Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health. 10.1093/emph/eoag007
In the reference library: Topic 8 note 47
Watso, J.C., Cuba, J.N., Boutwell, S.L., Moss, J.E., et al (2023). Acute nasal breathing lowers diastolic blood pressure and increases parasympathetic contributions to heart rate variability in young adults. American Journal of Physiology: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 10.1152/ajpregu.00148.2023
In the reference library: Topic 10 note 20
Watson, J.D., and Crick, F.H.C (1953). Molecular structure of nucleic acids: a structure for deoxyribose nucleic acid. Nature. 10.1038/171737a0
In the reference library: Prologue note 2
Watson, N.F., Badr, M.S., Belenky, G., Bliwise, D.L., et al (2015). Recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult: a joint consensus statement of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Research Society. Sleep. 10.5665/sleep.4716
In the book: Chapter 8 note 7
In the reference library: Topic 3 note 74, Topic 9 note 53, Topic 23 note 76
Watson, S.L., Weeks, B.K., Weis, L.J., Harding, A.T., et al (2018). High-intensity resistance and impact training improves bone mineral density and physical function in postmenopausal women with osteopenia and osteoporosis: the LIFTMOR randomized controlled trial. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. 10.1002/jbmr.3284
In the book: Chapter 3 note 27, Chapter 4 note 1, Chapter 15 note 38, Chapter 16 note 32
Watson, J.A., Ryan, C.G., Cooper, L., Ellington, D., et al (2019). Pain neuroscience education for adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain: a mixed-methods systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Pain. 10.1016/j.jpain.2019.02.011
In the book: Chapter 3 note 24
In the reference library: Topic 21 note 46
Waziry, R., Ryan, C.P., Corcoran, D.L., Huffman, K.M., et al (2023). Effect of long-term caloric restriction on DNA methylation measures of biological aging in healthy adults from the CALERIE trial. Nature Aging. 10.1038/s43587-022-00357-y
In the book: Chapter 16 note 37
In the reference library: Topic 35 note 9
Webb, A.R., Kline, L., and Holick, M.F (1988). Influence of season and latitude on the cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D3: exposure to winter sunlight in Boston and Edmonton will not promote vitamin D3 synthesis in human skin. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 10.1210/jcem-67-2-373
In the book: Chapter 7 note 16
In the reference library: Topic 19 note 26
Wegner, N.C., Snodgrass, O.E., Dewar, H., and Hyde, J.R (2015). Whole-body endothermy in a mesopelagic fish, the opah, Lampris guttatus. Science. 10.1126/science.aaa8902
In the reference library: Topic 1 note 7
Wegrzyn, L.R., Tamimi, R.M., Rosner, B.A., Brown, S.B., et al (2017). Rotating night-shift work and the risk of breast cancer in the Nurses' Health Studies. American Journal of Epidemiology. 10.1093/aje/kwx140
In the reference library: Topic 22 note 41
Wehr, T.A (1992). In short photoperiods, human sleep is biphasic. Journal of Sleep Research. 10.1111/j.1365-2869.1992.tb00019.x
In the reference library: Topic 23 note 49
Wei, R., Han, C., Deng, D., Ye, F., et al (2021). Research progress into the physiological changes in metabolic pathways in waterfowl with hepatic steatosis. British Poultry Science. 10.1080/00071668.2020.1812527
In the reference library: Topic 14 note 19
Weintraub, K (2013). Caveman Syndrome: Today's Killer Diseases Stem From Evolutionary Mismatch. WBUR CommonHealth. wbur.org
In the reference library: Topic 5 note 22
Weitzberg, E., and Lundberg, J.O (2002). Humming greatly increases nasal nitric oxide. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 10.1164/rccm.200202-138BC
In the reference library: Topic 10 note 14
Werner, E.L., Ihlebaek, C., Laerum, E., Wormgoor, M.E., and Indahl, A (2008). Low back pain media campaign: no effect on sickness behaviour. Patient Education and Counseling. 10.1016/j.pec.2007.12.009
In the reference library: Topic 21 note 49
Weyand, A.C., Chaitoff, A., Freed, G.L., Sholzberg, M., et al (2023). Prevalence of iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anemia in US females aged 12-21 years, 2003-2020. JAMA. 10.1001/jama.2023.8020
In the book: Chapter 15 note 7
Wheeler, P.E (1984). The evolution of bipedality and loss of functional body hair in hominids. Journal of Human Evolution. 10.1016/S0047-2484(84
In the reference library: Topic 2 note 25
Whitcome, K.K., Shapiro, L.J., and Lieberman, D.E (2007). Fetal load and the evolution of lumbar lordosis in bipedal hominins. Nature. 10.1038/nature06342
In the reference library: Topic 2 note 24
White, T.D., Asfaw, B., Beyene, Y., Haile-Selassie, Y., et al (2009). Ardipithecus ramidus and the paleobiology of early hominids. Science. 10.1126/science.1175802
In the reference library: Topic 2 note 12
White, M.P., Alcock, I., Grellier, J., Wheeler, B.W., et al (2019). Spending at least 120 minutes a week in nature is associated with good health and wellbeing. Scientific Reports. 10.1038/s41598-019-44097-3
In the book: Chapter 10 note 7, Epilogue note 4
In the reference library: Topic 27 note 22, Topic 41 note 25
Whiteman, D.C., Green, A.C., and Olsen, C.M (2016). The growing burden of invasive melanoma: projections of incidence rates and numbers of new cases in six susceptible populations through 2031. Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 10.1016/j.jid.2016.01.035
In the reference library: Topic 19 note 52
Wibowo, M.C., Yang, Z., Borry, M., Hübner, A., et al (2021). Reconstruction of ancient microbial genomes from the human gut. Nature. 10.1038/s41586-021-03532-0
In the reference library: Topic 12 note 12
Wiehler, A., Branzoli, F., Adanyeguh, I., Mochel, F., et al (2022). A neuro-metabolic account of why daylong cognitive work alters the control of economic decisions. Current Biology. 10.1016/j.cub.2022.07.010
In the reference library: Topic 3 note 10
Wiessner, P.W (2014). Embers of society: Firelight talk among the Ju/'hoansi Bushmen. PNAS. 10.1073/pnas.1404212111
In the reference library: Topic 23 note 24
Wikipedia (2026). Pontevedra. en.wikipedia.org
In the reference library: Topic 45 note 1
Wikipedia (2026). Cycling in the Netherlands. en.wikipedia.org
In the reference library: Topic 45 note 21
Wikipedia (2026). Sauna. en.wikipedia.org
In the reference library: Topic 45 note 26
Wilding, J.P.H., Batterham, R.L., Calanna, S., Davies, M., et al (2021). Once-weekly semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity. New England Journal of Medicine. 10.1056/NEJMoa2032183
In the book: Chapter 5 note 16
In the reference library: Topic 13 note 65
Wilding, J.P.H., Batterham, R.L., Calanna, S., Van Gaal, L.F., et al (2021). Impact of semaglutide on body composition in adults with overweight or obesity: exploratory analysis of the STEP 1 study. newswise.com
In the reference library: Topic 13 note 81
Wilding, J.P.H., Batterham, R.L., Davies, M., Van Gaal, L.F., et al (2022). Weight regain and cardiometabolic effects after withdrawal of semaglutide: the STEP 1 trial extension. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism. 10.1111/dom.14725
In the book: Chapter 5 note 16
In the reference library: Topic 13 note 68
Wilke, V.L., Robinson, D.A., Evans, R.B., Rothschild, M.F., et al (2005). Estimate of the annual economic impact of treatment of cranial cruciate ligament injury in dogs in the United States. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 10.2460/javma.2005.227.1604
In the reference library: Topic 2 note 55
Willander, J., and Larsson, M (2006). Smell your way back to childhood: autobiographical odor memory. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review. 10.3758/bf03193837
In the reference library: Topic 15 note 33
Willcox, B.J., Willcox, D.C., Todoriki, H., Fujiyoshi, A., et al (2007). Caloric restriction, the traditional Okinawan diet, and healthy aging: the diet of the world's longest-lived people and its potential impact on morbidity and life span. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 10.1196/annals.1396.037
In the reference library: Topic 13 note 31
William James College (2019). Making a Difference: The Legacies of Dr. Cynthia Lucero. williamjames.edu
In the reference library: Topic 17 note 2
Williams, G.C (1957). Pleiotropy, natural selection, and the evolution of senescence. Evolution. 10.2307/2406060
In the reference library: Topic 5 note 2
Williams, G.C., and Nesse, R.M (1991). The dawn of Darwinian medicine. Quarterly Review of Biology. 10.1086/417048
Williams, J.T., Ingram, S.L., Henderson, G., Chavkin, C., et al (2013). Regulation of mu-opioid receptors: desensitization, phosphorylation, internalization, and tolerance. Pharmacological Reviews. 10.1124/pr.112.005942
In the reference library: Topic 21 note 41
Williams, C.M., Maher, C.G., Latimer, J., McLachlan, A.J., et al (2014). Efficacy of paracetamol for acute low-back pain: a double-blind, randomised controlled trial. The Lancet. 10.1016/S0140-6736(14
In the reference library: Topic 21 note 51
Williams, K.M., Bertelsen, G., Cumberland, P., Wolfram, C., et al (2015). Increasing prevalence of myopia in Europe and the impact of education. Ophthalmology. 10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.03.018
In the reference library: Topic 24 note 21
Williams, A.C. de C (2019). Persistence of pain in humans and other mammals. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 10.1098/rstb.2019.0276
In the reference library: Topic 21 note 10
Williams, A.M., Couch, C.A., Emmerich, S.D., and Ogburn, D.F (2025). Ultra-processed Food Consumption in Youth and Adults: United States, August 2021-August 2023. cdc.gov
In the book: Chapter 1 note 12, Chapter 5 note 10
In the reference library: Topic 11 note 44
Williams, S.A., Wang, X., Araiza, I., Guerra, J.S., et al (2026). Earliest evidence of hominin bipedalism in Sahelanthropus tchadensis. Science Advances. 10.1126/sciadv.adv0130
In the reference library: Topic 2 note 11
Wilson, T.D., Reinhard, D.A., Westgate, E.C., Gilbert, D.T., et al (2014). Just think: the challenges of the disengaged mind. Science. 10.1126/science.1250830
In the book: Chapter 12 note 3
Wilson Mantilla, G.P., Chester, S.G.B., Clemens, W.A., Moore, J.R., et al (2021). Earliest Palaeocene purgatoriids and the initial radiation of stem primates. Royal Society Open Science. 10.1098/rsos.210050
In the reference library: Topic 1 note 38
Wim Hof Method (2026). What Is Shallow Water Blackout? wimhofmethod.com
In the book: Chapter 13 note 30
In the reference library: Topic 10 note 39
Windred, D.P., Burns, A.C., Lane, J.M., Saxena, R., et al (2024). Sleep regularity is a stronger predictor of mortality risk than sleep duration: A prospective cohort study. Sleep. 10.1093/sleep/zsad253
Windred, D.P., Burns, A.C., Lane, J.M., Olivier, P., et al (2024). Brighter nights and darker days predict higher mortality risk: A prospective analysis of personal light exposure in >88,000 individuals. PNAS. 10.1073/pnas.2405924121
In the book: Chapter 7 note 12
Windred, D.P., Burns, A.C., Rutter, M.K., Ching Yeung, C.H., et al (2024). Personal light exposure patterns and incidence of type 2 diabetes: analysis of 13 million hours of light sensor data and 670,000 person-years of prospective observation. Lancet Regional Health - Europe. 10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.100943
In the reference library: Topic 23 note 65
Windred, D.P., Burns, A.C., Rutter, M.K., Ching Yeung, C., et al (2024). Personal light exposure patterns and incidence of type 2 diabetes. The Lancet Regional Health - Europe. 10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.100943
In the reference library: Topic 41 note 7
Wing, R.R., and Jeffery, R.W (1999). Benefits of recruiting participants with friends and increasing social support for weight loss and maintenance. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 10.1037/0022-006X.67.1.132
In the book: Chapter 11 note 24
Winterhalder, B., and Morin, E (2026). Endurance pursuit hunting among recent foragers and its relevance for hominin locomotor evolution. Journal of Human Evolution. 10.1016/j.jhevol.2026.103807
In the reference library: Topic 2 note 45
Wise, P.M., Nattress, L., Flammer, L.J., and Beauchamp, G.K (2016). Reduced dietary intake of simple sugars alters perceived sweet taste intensity but not perceived pleasantness. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 10.3945/ajcn.115.112300
In the reference library: Topic 15 note 62
Wittmann, M., Dinich, J., Merrow, M., and Roenneberg, T (2006). Social jetlag: misalignment of biological and social time. Chronobiology International. 10.1080/07420520500545979
In the book: Chapter 8 note 6
Wittstein, I.S., Thiemann, D.R., Lima, J.A., Baughman, K.L., et al (2005). Neurohumoral features of myocardial stunning due to sudden emotional stress. New England Journal of Medicine. 10.1056/NEJMoa043046
In the reference library: Topic 28 note 39
Wolfe, N.D., Dunavan, C.P., and Diamond, J (2007). Origins of major human infectious diseases. Nature. 10.1038/nature05775
Wolfson, J.A., and Bleich, S.N (2015). Is cooking at home associated with better diet quality or weight-loss intention? Public Health Nutrition. 10.1017/S1368980014001943
In the book: Chapter 5 note 32
In the reference library: Topic 15 note 64
Wood, J.W., Milner, G.R., Harpending, H.C., and Weiss, K.M (1992). The osteological paradox: problems of inferring prehistoric health from skeletal samples. Current Anthropology. 10.1086/204084
In the reference library: Topic 4 note 76
Wood, W., and Neal, D.T (2007). A new look at habits and the habit-goal interface. Psychological Review. 10.1037/0033-295X.114.4.843
In the book: Chapter 1 note 22
In the reference library: Topic 43 note 6
Wood, B.M., Negrey, J.D., Brown, J.L., Deschner, T., et al (2023). Demographic and hormonal evidence for menopause in wild chimpanzees. Science. 10.1126/science.add5473
In the book: Chapter 15 note 3
In the reference library: Topic 32 note 1
Woodley, S.J., Lawrenson, P., Boyle, R., Cody, J.D., et al (2020). Pelvic floor muscle training for preventing and treating urinary and faecal incontinence in antenatal and postnatal women. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 10.1002/14651858.CD007471.pub4
In the book: Chapter 15 note 20
Woody, C.A., Ferrari, A.J., Siskind, D.J., Whiteford, H.A., et al (2017). A systematic review and meta-regression of the prevalence and incidence of perinatal depression. Journal of Affective Disorders. 10.1016/j.jad.2017.05.003
In the book: Chapter 11 note 19, Chapter 13 note 29
Woolf, C.J (1983). Evidence for a central component of post-injury pain hypersensitivity. Nature. 10.1038/306686a0
In the reference library: Topic 21 note 16
Woolf, C.J (2011). Central sensitization: implications for the diagnosis and treatment of pain. Pain. 10.1016/j.pain.2010.09.030
In the book: Chapter 3 note 19
In the reference library: Topic 21 note 17
World Health Organization. Global Health Observatory, indicator NCD_BMI_30A: prevalence of obesity among adults (BMI of 30 or more), age-standardized estimates for 2022. ghoapi.azureedge.net
In the reference library: Topic 13 note 23
World Health Organization (2011). Hardness in Drinking-water: Background document for development of WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality. cdn.who.int
In the reference library: Topic 17 note 34
World Health Organization (2012). Guideline: Potassium intake for adults and children. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
In the reference library: Topic 8 note 61
World Health Organization (2015). WHO calls on countries to reduce sugars intake among adults and children. who.int
In the reference library: Topic 15 note 59
World Health Organization (2018). WHO Housing and Health Guidelines. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
In the book: Chapter 9 note 20
In the reference library: Topic 25 note 57
World Health Organization (2019). World report on vision: executive summary. who.int
In the reference library: Topic 24 note 23
World Health Organization (2020). Commemorating smallpox eradication: a legacy of hope for COVID-19 and other diseases. 10.1126/science.aaw8977
In the reference library: Topic 20 note 56
World Health Organization (2021). World Report on Hearing. who.int
In the book: Chapter 10 note 13
In the reference library: Topic 26 note 6
World Health Organization (2022). Compendium of WHO and other UN guidance on health and environment, 2022 update. Chapter 11: Environmental noise. cdn.who.int
In the book: Chapter 10 note 11
World Health Organization (2023). WHO advises not to use non-sugar sweeteners for weight control in newly released guideline. Use of non-sugar sweeteners: WHO guideline. who.int
In the reference library: Topic 15 note 28
World Health Organization (2023). Soil-transmitted helminth infections. who.int
In the reference library: Topic 18 note 12
World Health Organization (2023). WHO guideline for non-surgical management of chronic primary low back pain in adults in primary and community care settings. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
In the reference library: Topic 21 note 59
World Health Organization (2024). Over 3 million annual deaths due to alcohol and drug use, majority among men. who.int
In the book: Chapter 14 note 5
In the reference library: Topic 11 note 31
World Health Organization (2024). Diarrhoeal disease. who.int
In the reference library: Topic 17 note 42
World Health Organization (2025). Oral health. who.int
World Health Organization (2025). Hypertension. who.int
In the reference library: Topic 8 note 19
World Health Organization (2025). Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). who.int
In the reference library: Topic 8 note 20
Showing 2,101 to 2,200 of 2,314 sources, Walker to World Health Organization.